Vienna Treaty Explained: India-Pakistan 2008 Agreement & Diplomatic Rights

Vienna Treaty Explained: Discover what the Vienna Treaty is, the diplomatic rights it grants, and how India and Pakistan’s 2008 agreement relates to it. Learn about the Vienna Convention of 1961, its key provisions, and the latest dispute over diplomatic rights between the two nations.

Pakistan has banned the supply of newspapers to the Indian High Commission in Islamabad. India has described it as Pakistan’s short-sighted action and a violation of the Vienna Treaty.

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What exactly is the Vienna Treaty, and what rights does it confer? Let’s find out…

The Vienna Convention on Mutual Diplomatic Relations between Independent and Sovereign States was first signed in 1961. It provided for an international treaty that gave diplomats special rights. It was on this basis that international laws were provided for the protection of diplomats.

Vienna Treaty Explained: What rights do you get?

1. Under this treaty, the host country grants special status to diplomats from other countries residing there.
2. The treaty was drafted by the International Law Commission and came into force in 1964.
3. A total of 191 countries signed the treaty in February 2017. There are a total of 54 Articles under this treaty.
4. Under the key provisions of this treaty, no country can arrest the diplomats of another country in any legal matter.
5. Also, the diplomat will not be subject to any kind of customs tax in the host country.

The new provision in 1963

In 1963, the United Nations provided for another treaty similar to the same treaty. This treaty is known as the ‘Vienna Convention on Consular Relations’. Under Article 31 of this treaty, the host country cannot enter the embassy and must also bear responsibility for the security of the embassy. Under Article 36, if a foreign national is arrested by a country within its borders, the embassy of the country concerned must be informed of this immediately without any delay.

When was the Indo-Pak agreement?

At the request of the arrested foreign national, the police will also have to inform the concerned embassy or diplomat by faxing the information. In this fax, the police will also have to give the name of the arrested person, the place of arrest, and the reason for the arrest.

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The treaty also provides that foreign nationals arrested in matters of national security, such as espionage or terrorism, cannot be granted diplomatic access. Especially when the two countries have reached a mutual agreement on the matter. India and Pakistan signed a similar agreement in 2008.